Évènements

This talk deals with mathematical modeling of dynamical systems through branching processes. After a brief introduction to the theory on branching processes, we will focus the attention in two research lines: models based on two-sex branching processes and models based on branching processes to describe the dynamics of specific biological species. Concernig the first, we will provide an overview on some classes of two-sex branching models recently investigated. About the second line, we will present two stochastic models, the first to describe the demographic dynamics of long-lived raptor species, and the second, to describe the probabilistic evolution of complex biological systems. We will show an application of the first model to the study about the demographic dynamics of black vulture colonies in the region of Extremadura (Spain).

L’orateur est invité BIGS.

Pour des structures de Poisson « les plus habituelles » nous discuterons les resolutions symplectiques sous formes de groupoides symplectiques.

Joint work with Julien Chiquet and Stéphane Robin

Joint Species Abundance Models (JSDM) provide a general multivariate framework to study the joint abundances of all species from a community. JSDM account for both structuring factors (environmental characteristics or gradients, such as habitat type or nutrient availability) and potential interactions between the species (competition, mutualism, parasitism, etc.), which is instrumental in disentangling meaningful ecological interactions from mere statistical associations.

Modeling the dependency between the species is challenging because of the count-valued nature of abundance data and most JSDM rely on Gaussian latent layer to encode the dependencies between species in a covariance matrix. The multivariate Poisson-lognormal (PLN) model is one such model, which can be viewed as a multivariate mixed Poisson regression model. The inference of such models raises both statistical and computational issues, many of which were solved in recent contributions using variational techniques and convex optimization.

The PLN model turns out to be a versatile framework, within which a variety of analyses can be performed, including multivariate sample comparison, clustering of sites or samples, dimension reduction (ordination) for visualization purposes, or inference of interaction networks. We will presents the PLN framework and some variants and illustrate them on typical datasets. All the models and methods are implemented in the R package PLNmodels, available from cran.r-project.org.

Dans un travail récent avec Sandro Bettin (Gênes) nous étudions dans un cadre général les applications $f:{\mathbb Q}\to{\mathbb C}$ qui satisfont des relations fonctionnelles du type suivant: pour tout $\gamma \in{\rm SL}(2,{\mathbb Z})$, la différence $h_{\gamma}(x) := f(\gamma x) – |cx + d|^{-k} f(x)$ est régulière en un certain sens. Ici $k$ est un nombre complexe. Les exemples naturels incluent notamment les intégrales d’Eichler de formes modulaires ou de formes de Maass, ou encore des sommes de cotangentes.
On s’intéressera plus particulièrement au cas $k\neq 0$, et à l’existence de fonctions limites permettant de prédire la répartition des valeurs prises par f sur des rationnels dont le dénominateur tend vers l’infini.