Séminaires

In this talk, I will present recent results on unique continuation for semilinear wave and Schrödinger equations with analytic nonlinearities. After recalling some motivation and classical results on the topic, I will describe a new method, introduced in a joint work with Camille Laurent (CNRS, LMR), that relies on analyticity-in-time regularization in finite time for solutions vanishing on a subset satisfying the Geometric Control Condition (GCC). The proof combines tools from control theory with ideas of Hale and Raugel on the regularity of attractors in dynamical systems. In a more recent work, we refined this approach and applied it to Schrödinger equations on compact manifolds, showing that the GCC suffices for unique continuation, thus answering in the affirmative an open problem posed by Dehman, Gérard, and Lebeau (2006) for the nonlinear case. The method is abstract and can also be applied to study similar questions for other PDEs.

Inspiré par la physique des films de savon, le problème de Plateau est un problème classique des mathématiques qui consiste à minimiser l’aire d’une surface s’appuyant sur un bord. Il admet en fait de nombreuses formulations, certaines ne permettant pas toujours de représenter fidèlement les films de savon. Dans cet exposé, on s’intéresse à un modèle issu des travaux d’Almgren et de David, particulièrement bien adapté pour décrire ces films. Il s’agit du «problème de Plateau glissant», où l’on minimise les déformations continues d’une surface sans la détacher du bord. Bien qu’assez intuitive, c’est l’une des formulations qui résiste le mieux aux mathématiciens car on ne connait toujours pas de théorème d’existence général. On présentera un résultat d’existence dans un cas particulier, obtenu avec G. David.

Attention, ce séminaire aura lieu en salle Döblin.

Water-wave models play a crucial role in understanding, predicting, and controlling the dynamics of surface water waves across various real-world scenarios, including oceanic waves, waves in lakes and rivers, and those affecting man-made structures. These models integrate mathematical, physical, and numerical frameworks with wide-ranging applications in environmental science, engineering, and maritime industries. In this talk, we will explore key mathematical results for several water-wave models, highlighting their relevance to real-world applications.

In this talk, I will present an asymptotic expansion for the minimal Dirichlet energy of  $\mathbb{S}^2$-valued maps outside a finite number of particles of size $\rho$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$ under general anchoring conditions at the particle boundaries as $\rho\to 0$. The first two terms of this expansion consist of the minimal energy after zooming in at scale $\rho$ around each particle and a Coulomb-like interaction that agrees with the electrostatics analogy depending on the far-field behavior of the corresponding single-particle minimizer. This approximation is commonly used in the physics literature for colloid interactions in nematic liquid crystals and for the first time a precise estimate of the energy error introduced by that linearization is derived, by developing new tools that address the lack of convergence rate when zooming in at scale $\rho$.

The talk is based on joint work with L. Bronsard, X. Lamy and R. Venkatraman.

We survey interesting properties of some nonlocal operators that have no analogue for linear second order elliptic PDE.

Je présenterai un travail en collaboration avec Thibault Lacombe, où
nous démontrons que les solutions Lipschitz $u$ de $\mathrm{div}\,
G(\nabla u)=0$ dans un domaine du plan sont $C^1$, pour des champs de
vecteurs strictement monotones $G$ dans $C^0(\mathbb R^2;\mathbb R^2)$
satisfaisant une condition d’ellipticité très générale. Lorsque le champ
de vecteurs $G$ est le gradient d’une fonction strictement convexe,
notre résultat généralise des résultats de De Silva et Savin (Duke Math.
J. 2010). Lorsque $G$ n’est pas un gradient, l’hypothèse d’ellipticité
doit être interprétée correctement, et nous produisons un exemple qui
montre l’effet non trivial de la partie antisymétrique de $\nabla G$.

Il s’agit d’un travail en collaboration avec Guedes-Bonthonneau, Chhaibi, Rivière et To.

Sur une surface riemannienne, nous construisons une mesure de Yang-Mills sur les connexions distributionnelles, avec le processus d’holonomie correspondant. Les ingrédients de notre construction sont: une nouvelle jauge de Morse et l’analyse d’équations de transport pour les flots de gradient en très faible régularité. Nous montrons que notre mesure retrouve les formules de la théorie de Yang-Mills en dimension 2, telles qu’on les trouve dans les travaux de Witten, Driver, Sengupta et Lévy. Enfin, nous expliquons en quel sens notre mesure converge vers le volume symplectique d’Atiyah–Bott–Goldman sur l’espace de modules des connexions plates dans la limite semi-classique.

The objective of this work is to study the stability of two systems of type Rao-Nakra sandwich beam in the whole line $R$ with a frictional damping or an infinite memory acting on the Euler-Bernoulli equation. When the speeds of propagation of the two wave equations are equal, we show that the solutions do not converge to zero when time goes to infinity. In the reverse situation, we prove some $L^2 (R)$-norm and $L^1 (R)$-norm decay estimates of solutions and theirs higher order derivatives with respect to the space variable. Thanks to interpolation inequalities and Carlson inequality, these $L^2 (R)$-norm and $L^1 (R)$-norm decay estimates lead to similar ones in the $L^q (R)$-norm, for any $q\in [1,+\infty]$. In our both $L^2 (R)$-norm and $L^1 (R)$-norm decay estimates, we specify the decay rates in terms of the regularity of the initial data and the nature of the control. Applications to some Cauchy Timoshenko type systems will be also given. The proof is based on the energy method combined with the Fourier analysis (by using the transformation in the Fourier space and well chosen multipliers).

A part of these results was obtained in collaboration with Salim Messaoudi (University of Sharjah, UAE).

For the details, see the following papers:

A. Guesmia, Some $L^q (R)$-norm decay estimates ($q\in[1,+\infty]$) for two Cauchy systems of type Rao-Nakra sandwich beam with a frictional damping or an infinite memory, J. Appl. Anal. Comp., 12 (2022), 2511-2540.
A. Guesmia, On the stability of a linear Cauchy Rao-Nakra sandwich beam under frictional dampings, Taiwanese J. Math., 27 (2023), 799-811.
A. Guesmia and S. Messaoudi, Some $L^2 (R)$-norm and $L^1 (R)$-norm decay estimates for Cauchy Timoshenko type systems with a frictional damping or an infinite memory, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 527 (2023), 127385.

It is well established that the L_1 optimal transport can be employed to characterize solutions of the Beckmann problem, where one looks for a vector-valued measure of minimal total variation with the constraint that fixes its divergence as the difference of two probabilities distributions. In turn, the Beckmann problem underlies optimal design of heat conductors.

I will talk about a second-order counterpart of this theory, where in the Beckmann problem we have a constraint on the double divergence. In 2D, this problem enjoys the interpretation of optimally designing a ceiling using a grillage structure. I will show that its solutions can be characterized through a new formulation where we look for a probability that dominates the data in the sense of convex order while attaining minimal variance. Afterwards, equivalent optimal transport formulations can be proposed for efficient numerical treatment.

Work in collaboration with Guy Bouchitté.